↑ Tiểu thuyết lần đầu được xuất bản năm 1845 dưới hình thức in từng kỳ trong La Revue des Deux Mondes, và dưới dạng sách năm 1847 (từ trang Wikipedia của Pháp).
↑ Hammond A. Music Note in programme for Carmen. Royal Opera House Covent Garden, 1984.
↑ Briggs A D. Did Carmen come from Russia? in English National Opera programme, 2004; the poem also forms the basis of Rachmaninov's one-act opera Aleko.
↑ Curtiss M. Bizet and his world. New York, Vienna House, 1958, Chapter XXVII
↑ Wolff S. Un demi-siècle d'Opéra-Comique (1900–1950). André Bonne, Paris, 1953.
↑ Curtiss M. Bizet and his world. New York, Vienna House, 1958, Chapter XXVII, p. 426.
↑ Dean W. Carmen's place in history. Booklet to Decca recording conducted by Solti, 1976.
↑ Dean W. Bizet. London, J M Dent & Sons, 1978. See Appendix F: The Cult of the Masters in France.
↑ Briggs A D, op cit. He argues that the concepts of freedom and destiny are enhanced in the opera by Bizet's attempt in part to return to the Pushkin poem.
↑ Revised using Synopsis in booklet accompanying Decca records DIID 3, based on Bizet's intentions given in the 1875 vocal score.
1 2 3 McClary S. George Bizet, Carmen; Cambridge Opera Handbooks. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1994.
1 2 Curtiss M. Bizet and his world. New York, Vienna House, 1974.
↑ Dean W. Bizet. London, JM Dent & Sons, 1978; p. 129.
↑ Curtiss M. Bizet and his world. New York, Vienna House, 1974: p. 426–7.
↑ Brown D. Tchaikovsky: the crisis years (1874–1878). London, Gollancz, 1992; p. 58–60.
↑ Eric Irvin, Dictionary of the Australian Theatre 1788–1814
↑ Kertesz E, Christoforidis M. Confronting Carmen beyond the Pyrenees: Bizet's opera in Madrid 1887–88. Cambridge Opera Journal, 20:1, March 2008, p. 79–110. Contemporary Spanish critics condemned the 'Spanish' music in the opera.
↑ Wright L A. Galli-Marié in New Grove Dictionary of Opera ed Sadie S. London & New York, Macmillan, 1997.
↑ Loewenberg A. Annals of Opera. London, John Calder, 1978.
↑ Dean W. Bizet. London, J. M. Dent & Sons, 1978. Appendix F: The Cult of the Masters in France.
1 2 Forbes E. Carmen, in Sadie, S: The New Grove Dictionary of Opera. London & New York, Macmillan, 1997.
↑ Hammond A. Music Note in programme for Carmen. Royal Opera House Covent Garden, 1984.
↑ Berganza T. The real Carmen in Programme for Carmen. Royal Opera House Covent Garden, 1984.
↑ Curtiss nói rằng nhà sản xuất Jauner dù sao vẫn giữ lại đoạn hội thoại cho "các cảnh cá nhân hay con người". Curtiss M. Bizet and his world. New York, Vienna House, 1958.
↑ Dean W. Bizet. London, JM Dent & Sons, 1978, McClary S. George Bizet, Carmen; Cambridge Opera Handbooks. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1994.
